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==אורתוגרפיה==
{| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
{| class="wikitable IPA"
| style="width:4em; text-align:center; padding: 4px;" | А а ▼| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | БА а <br/> [a] б
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ВБ вб <br/> [b]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ГВ гв <br/> [v]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ГвГ гвг <br/> [ɡ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ГъГв гъгв <br/> [ɡʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ГъвГъ гъвгъ <br/> [ɣ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ГъьГъв гъьгъв <br/> [ɣʷ]
| style="width:5em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Гъь гъь <br/> [ɣʲ]
|-
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Гь гь <br/> [ɡʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ГӀ гӀ}} <br/> [ʕ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ГӀв гӀв}} <br/> [ʕʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Д д <br/> [d]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Дж дж <br/> [dʒ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Джв джв <br/> [dʒʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Джь джь <br/> [dʒʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Дз дз <br/> [dz]
|-
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Е е <br/> [e]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Ё ё <br/> [jo]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Ж ж <br/> [ʒ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Жв жв <br/> [ʒʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Жь жь <br/> [ʑ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЗИ зи <br/> [i]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ИЙ ий <br/> [j]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЙК йк <br/> [k]
|-
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ККв ккв <br/> [kʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | КвКъ квкъ <br/> [qʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | КъКъв къкъв <br/> [qʷʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | КъвКъь къвкъь <br/> [qʼʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | КъьКь къькь <br/> [kʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | КьКӀ кькӀ <br/> [kʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|КӀКӀв кӀв <br/> кӀ}}[kʷʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|КӀвКӀь кӀь <br/> кӀв}}[kʲʼ]
|-
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|КӀьЛ л <br/> кӀь}}[l]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЛЛь лль <br/> [ɮ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЛьЛӀ льлӀ <br/> [ɬʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | М м <br/> [m]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Н н <br/> [n]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | О о <br/> [o]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | П п <br/> [p]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ПӀ пӀ}} <br/> [pʼ]
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| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Р р <br/> [r]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | С с <br/> [s]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Т т <br/> [t]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Тл тл <br/> [ɬ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Тш тш <br/> [t͡ʃ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ТӀ тӀ}} <br/> [tʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | У у <br/> [u]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | Ф ф <br/> [f]
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| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ХФӀ хфӀ <br/> [fʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ХвХ хвх <br/> [x]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ХьХв хьхв <br/> [xʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ХӀХъ хъ <br/> хӀ}}[q]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ХӀвХъв хъв <br/> хӀв}}[qʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЦХь цхь <br/> [xʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ЦӀХӀ хӀ <br/> цӀ}}[ħ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЧХӀв чхӀв <br/> [ħʷ]
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| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЧвЦ чвц <br/> [ts]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ЧӀЦӀ цӀ <br/> чӀ}}[tsʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ЧӀвЧ ч <br/> чӀв}}[tʃʲ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ШЧв шчв <br/> [tʃʷ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | {{unicode|ШӀЧӀ чӀ <br/> шӀ}}[tʃʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ШвЧӀв швчӀв <br/> [tʃʷʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЩШ щш <br/> [ʃ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЪШв ъшв <br/> [ʃʷ]
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| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЫШӀ ышӀ <br/> [t͡ʃʼ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЬЩ ьщ <br/> [ɕ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЭЪ эъ <br/> [ˠ]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЮЭ юэ <br/> [r]
| style="width:4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | ЯЮ яю <br/> [ju]
| style="width:5em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Я я <br/> [ja]
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▲| style="width: 4em5em; text-align:center; padding: 4px3px;" | АӀ а<br/> [ʔ]
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