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[[הפרלמנט הקנדי]] מורכב משלושה גופים: [[המלוכה הקנדית|המונרך]], [[בית הנבחרים הקנדי|הבית התחתון]] ו[[סנאט קנדה|בית עליון (הסנאט)]]. בפועל, המפלגה לה רוב בבית הנבחרים קובעת את סדר היום של הפרלמנט ואת החוקים שיעברו בו. בסמכויות ראש ממשלת קנדה לבקש מהמושל הכללי לפזר את הפרלמנט ולהכריז על בחירות כלליות, ורק פעם אחת, בשנת [[1926]] סירב המושל הכללי לבקשה.
==סמכויות הנוגעות לרשות השופטת==
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[[Criminal law]], most of which is contained in the federal [[Criminal Code of Canada|Criminal Code]] (R.S.C. 1985, Chapter C-46), is uniform throughout the nation, and is under [[federal jurisdiction]]. [[Civil law]] is based on the [[common law]] of [[England]], except in [[Quebec]], to which Britain granted the right in 1774 to retain the French [[civil code]]. While legislation regarding non-criminal matters is generally different from province to province, some non-criminal legislation, such as the federal Divorce Act (R.S.C. 1985, Chapter 3 (2nd Supp.)), is applicable throughout the nation. Justice is administered by federal, provincial, and municipal courts.
The [[Supreme Court of Canada]] is the [[court of last resort]]. The Supreme Court has nine justices, who are appointed by the [[Governor General of Canada|governor general]] and led by the [[Chief Justice of Canada]]. This court hears appeals from decisions rendered by the various appellate courts from the provinces and territories. Trial courts from common law provinces are required to follow previous decisions from both the Supreme Court of Canada and the appellate court of its respective province or territory. In contrast, a Quebec trial-level court may treat judgments from higher courts to be persuasive but not binding. See [[Courts of Canada]].
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==סמכויות הממשל הפדרלי==
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