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==היסטוריה==
האכנסייה נבנתה על מנת לשמש בית ספר למשפטים ולשכת עורכי דין, בה למדו ליטיגטורים את המקצוע.
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Following the separation of [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|Canon law]] and [[common law]] in the 13th century, the Inns of Court originated as hostels and schools for the emerging class of lawyers. The Middle Temple is the western part of "The Temple", the headquarters of the [[Knights Templar]] until they were dissolved in [[1312]]; the awe-inspiring [[Temple Church]] still stands as a [[Royal Peculiar]] and the parish church of the Inner and Middle Temples. There has never been an "Outer Temple", apart from a modern office block of that name - an order of [[1337]] refers to repairing the lane "through the middle of the Court of the Temple", which became known as Middle Temple Lane and presumably gave its name to the Inn.
עם הפרדת [[משפט הכנסיה]] מ[[המשפט המקובל]] ב[[המאה ה-13|מאה ה-13]] הוקמו [[אכסניות המשפט]] כבתי ספר ללימוד משפטים.
Middle Temple Hall is at the heart of the Inn, and the Inn's student barristers are required to Keep Term by dining there, followed by lectures or debates, for a minimum number of nights for several terms. However there is a long tradition of revelry: [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]'s ''Twelfth Night'' was first presented here, and in the Christmas Revels judges, barristers and students have poked fun at each other for centuries.
מידל טמפל הוקם באיזור המערבי של "המקדש" ("The Temple") - איזור מפקדת [[הטמפלרים (מסדר)|מסדר הטמפלרים]] בלונדון עד פירוק המסדר בשנת [[1312]]. כנסיית המסדר - [[כנסיית טמפל]] עודה עומדת באיזור מידל טמפל במעמד של [[מוזרות מלכותית]].
[[Image:London-Inns-of-Court.JPG|thumb|300px|Combined coat of arms of the four Inns of Court. The Middle Temple's arms are at top right]]
במרכז בית הספר עומד אולם מידל טמפל (Middle Temple Hall) בו סעדו הסטודנטים ולמדו משפטים מעורכי הדין החברים באכסניית המשפט. גם בימינו חובה על הסטודנטים לנכוח במספר ארוחות ערב באולם זה. באולם נערכה בכורת הצגתו של [[ויליאם שייקספיר]]: "'''[[הלילה ה-12]]'''".
The Inns ceased to be responsible for [[legal education]] in [[1852]], although they continue to provide supplementary training. Most of the Inn is occupied by barristers' offices, known as "chambers", and there are a few residential sets of chambers. One of the Middle Temple's main functions now is to provide support for new entrants to the profession. This is done through the provisions of Scholarships (£1million in 2005), subsidised accommodation both in the Temple and in Clapham, and by providing events at which junior members may meet their more senior colleagues for help and advice. A Scholarship Fund Appeal has recently raised £2million of a £5million target. Lord Phillips, the Lord Chief Justice, is Patron of the Appeal. More details are available from the website.
[[תמונה:London-Inns-of-Court.JPG|thumb|300px|הסמל המשולב של אכסניות המשפט. סמלו של מידל טמפל בצד ימיני עליון.]]
In all Inns, there are three categories of member: the self-elected ''Masters of the Bench'', or Benchers, are addressed as Master and are generally judges or silks ([[Queen's Counsel]]); the ''[[Barristers]]'' are those who have satisfied the educational requirements and have been called to the bar by the Inn (and are thereby accepted by the judges as qualified to practice in the Courts); and the ''[[Students]]'' who supposedly benefit from the [[propinquity]] of the barristers, although in practice few barristers choose to dine in Hall. A greater number of barristers choose to lunch in Hall, although those that do tend to be only civil practitioners as there are no criminal courts close to the Temple, and few criminal barristers have the luxury of days spent working in chambers. There are an increasingly large number of students that lunch in Middle Temple hall, especially on a Friday. Barristers no longer cease their membership of the Inn when elevated to the judicial Bench; solicitors have never been eligible for membership at all, even if their offices are within the Inn.
בשנת [[1852]] הפסיקו אכסניות המשפט לשמש בתי ספר למשפטים וכיום מרבית בנייני האכסניה משמשים משרדי עורכי דין. כיום האכסניה מעניקה השכלה משלימה לעורכי דין באמצעות קורסי העשרה. כמו כן, החברים באכסניה דואגים למתן הזדמנות למיעוטי יכולת לקבל השגלה משפטית באמצעות מלגות (בשווי כולל של למעלה ממיליון [[ליש"ט]] (הסכום נכון לשנת [[2005]])).
In 2004, the Inn's team won the [[World Universities Debating Championship]].
בשנים האחרונות מבני המידל טמפל משמשים כרקע לצילומי סרטים בשל אופיים ה[[ימי הביניים|בינימי]] המיוחד.
Middle Temple Hall is also a popular venue for banqueting, weddings, receptions and parties. In recent years it has become a much-used film location - the cobbled streets, historic buildings and gas lighting give it a unique atmosphere.
מאז שנת [[1852]] לא מתקיימים במקום לימודי משפטים, אף שהמידל טמפל עדיין משמש בו ניתן ללמוד ללימודי משפטים גבוהים.
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==קישורים חיצוניים==
*[http://www.middletemple.org.uk/ מידל טמפל]
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