כיכר ברייטשייד – הבדלי גרסאות
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[[תמונה:P6220313.JPG|ממוזער|כיכר ברייטשייד מכיוון תחנת הרכבת זו]]
Today the Breitscheidplatz lies within [[Charlottenburg]] (a region of inner-city [[Berlin]]) at the tip of the Tiergarten between the Kurfürstendamm (a large, popular alley in Berlin West), the Tauentzien and the Budapester-Strasse. The [[Europa-Center]] closes off the Breitscheidplatz to the East. To the West the Breitscheidplatz ends at the Schimmelpfeng Haus and the Kantstrasse.
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==היסטוריה==
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The '''Breitscheidplatz''' was first constructed in 1889 on the former hunting grounds laid down in 1542 by Kurfürst Joachim II. The platz was originally called the Gutenbergplatz after the designer of the printing press and was changed in 1892 to the Augusta-Viktoria-Platz in honor of the [[Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein|German empress]]. Today it is named after [[Rudolf Breitscheid]], a German [[Social Democrat]], who died in a [[Nazi]] [[concentration camp]] in [[1944]].
Shortly after the grounds of the platz were laid, [[Kaiser Wilhelm II]] used it as the host for his [[Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church|Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche]] in honor of his grandfather, [[Kaiser Wilhelm I]]. The church was a prime example of the neo-romantic style and was constructed by [[Franz Schwechten]], the royal architect of Wilhelm II. Before [[World War I|WWI]], the platz experienced further development with exhibition halls, shopping centers and cultural centers.
==20th Century==
After the first World War the Breitscheidplatz became a meeting place for intellectuals in Berlin, specifically in the Romanisches Cafe (also constructed under Wilhelm II) - where writers, artists and musicians congregated and exchanged ideas. The house was located in the Budapester Straße 53 -now standing in the spot of the [[Europa-Center]].
[[Image:Berlinnewnewnewn.jpg|thumb|Breitscheidplatz seen from the Kurfürstendamm]]
In 1943, the platz was heavily bombed and most of the area was destroyed.
After the Second World War, the platz experienced massive
reconstruction and became the quasi symbolic center of West Berlin
(with the [[Alexanderplatz]] being the symbolic platz in East Berlin). The
platz took on the new name 'Breitscheidplatz' in 1947 after [[Rudolf Breitscheid]], a German social-democrat who died at [[Buchenwald]].
The Gedächtniskirche, (also known as the "Hollow Tooth" by Berliners) was in
shambles after the war. It became the unofficial trend of Berlin after
the war to tear down the ruins of monuments destroyed by the war
and to build new. The renowned West German architect [[Egon Eiermann]] commissioned a new monument (which also serves as a
functioning church) which was to stand next to the destroyed church. The memorial was completed in 1962 and the almost forgotten church became the architectural pride of
West Berlin and a memorial against war and destruction.
In 1965, an eighty-six metre high 'Europa Centre' was constructed on
the platz. This centre became the main consumer grounds of West Berlin
and unofficially gave the Breitscheidplatz the reputation of being the
commercial center in West Berlin. The building still stands today and
hosts numerous department stores, outside coffee shops and restaurants
and is a popular tourist attraction. The Europa center stands under preservation order.
The [[Berlin Zoologischer Garten]] lies near the Breitscheidplatz, it was constructed in 1882 and functions as the main S- and U-Bahn station
within Berlin West.
The Breitscheidplatz, now one of the most visited places in [[Berlin]], is
known by many as one of the quintessential squares of Berlin. It presents an
awkward yet typical Berliner combination of the old and the new, the
cultural and commercial.
[[Image:Berlinnewnew.jpg|thumb|Europa Center, Breitscheidplatz]]
==Plans for the Breitscheidplatz==
Future City Plans for the Breitscheidplatz [http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de]
Include; Bettering the quality for pedestrians, more public competitions for the future planning of Breitscheidplatz, renovation of the Bikini Haus and the Europa Center, the destruction of the old Schimmelpfenghaus and building the “Neue Schimmelpfeng Haus"(to include, offices, restaurants Hotel, to create an attractive city-quarter with livable space. Other plans include; rennovating the bus station in front of the the Bahnhof-zoo, building a large cinema complex at the current site of the Zoo-palast, and closing the automobile-tunnel in front of the Bikini Haus (completed in 2006).
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==קישורים חיצוניים==
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[http://www.snafu.de/cgi-bin/dotnet/web/bild_refresh.cgi?url=/cgi-bin/no_cache_zoomimg2.sh&refresh=60&bildtext=Breitscheidplatz%2BBerlin&ueberschrift=Breitscheidplatz&typ=bild Webcam of the Breitscheidplatz]
[http://images.google.de/images?q=breitscheidplatz&oe=UTF-8&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi Google Images of the Breitscheidplatz]
[http://www.europa-center-berlin.de/?lang=en|Homepage of the Europa-Center]
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